Tonic plate earthquakes
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Earthquakes are caused when tectonic plates are constantly moving towards, away and or past each other. The tectonic plates are 100km thick and they are the outer layer of the earth. The plate that india and Australia is siting on is moving north at a rate of 7cm a year. The himalayas sit on the Eurasian plate which is coliding with the plate that Australia and India are siting on causing movment. An earthquake occurs when the rocks break and move as a result of stresses caused by plate movements.
Volcanic earthquakes
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Volcanic earthquakes are caused when molten rock, called magma, is stored in reservoirs under volcanoes. As this magma moves upwards, it can fracture the rock it squeezes through, causing earthquakes.